Abstract: This article explores the relationship between employee engagement and productivity, arguing that promoting engagement alone does not necessarily increase productivity. It draws a distinction between engagement, defined as enthusiasm and commitment to work, and productivity, relating to outputs and results. While engagement and productivity are often assumed to be directly correlated, research shows highly engaged employees are not always the most productive and vice versa. The article identifies autonomy and purpose as key drivers for both engagement and productivity. It then provides practical recommendations for cultivating autonomy and purpose through accountability, flexible work arrangements, strategic involvement, feedback, growth opportunities, and clearly communicating organizational purpose. Case studies and metrics for measuring success are also discussed. The article concludes that fostering meaningful work through autonomy and purpose creates a virtuous cycle boosting both engagement and productivity long-term.