The provided texts offer an extensive exploration of magic realism, tracing its origins and evolution across various artistic mediums. The initial source, a doctoral thesis, meticulously details the historical development of magic realism from its inception in European modernism through its manifestation in literature and cinema, particularly focusing on German post-Expressionism (Magischer Realismus coined by Franz Roh in 1925) and its later adaptations, such as the French avant-garde’s le merveilleux and Alejo Carpentier’s Latin American lo real maravilloso. It examines key artistic movements, influential figures like Max Ernst and F.W. Murnau, and the role of photography and early cinema in shaping the aesthetic, also exploring the influence of Freudian concepts like the uncanny. The second source, "magical_pgs.pdf," provides a more concise overview, highlighting Franz Roh's definition of magic realism as a "blunt realism" contrasted with Gustav Hartlaub's "new objectivity," and further discusses Massimo Bontempelli's independent coinage of realismo magico in Italian literature with its emphasis on "precisione realistica e atmosfera magica." This source also underscores the countercultural and counter-hegemonic nature of Latin American magic realism, rooted in its unique cultural syncretism and often employing a "primitive" narrative viewpoint to offer alternative interpretations of history.

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