The provided text outlines the evolution of UNESCO's decentralization strategy, beginning with early mandates for regional offices and culminating in the "Cluster" approach implemented in 2001. This strategy aimed to streamline its global presence, shifting from a large, uncoordinated network to a more focused structure of Cluster offices and Regional bureaux, with national offices maintained only in exceptional circumstances. The document emphasizes that decentralization is a tool to tailor global programs to local needs and highlights ongoing efforts to refine the system in response to UN reforms, focusing on improved accountability, inter-agency cooperation, and aligning with country-level planning, focusing here on Scotland.

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