What happens when there are 100 machine identities for every human one in your organisation? This is not a prediction for the future. It is the world we are already operating in, and the implications are profound.

In this episode of Business of Cybersecurity, I speak with David Higgins, Senior Director at CyberArk, about how AI agents, autonomous systems, and the sheer scale of machine credentials in the enterprise are reshaping identity security. We discuss why password reuse, unsecured personal devices, and skipped updates remain stubbornly common even though awareness training has been around for decades. David explains that the issue is rarely laziness. Instead, it is often a lack of secure and practical alternatives that still fit the way people work.

We dig into how phishing and social engineering tactics have evolved, with AI enabling deepfake audio and video that can pass casual inspection, and how attackers are increasingly bypassing tech-savvy users entirely by targeting helpdesks and third-party support teams. We also look at the commoditisation of stolen credentials and why buying access on the dark web can now be easier than running a phishing campaign.

A major theme in our conversation is the role of culture in security. David challenges the outdated idea that humans are always the weakest link, arguing instead for a more collaborative approach that blends security objectives with user experience. We explore strategies like adaptive authentication, behavioural context analysis, and just-in-time privilege models that reduce risk without slowing down legitimate work.

The discussion then turns to the identity challenges created by agentic AI. These are AI-driven systems that can interpret goals, adapt, and communicate directly with other AI agents and human colleagues. Unlike traditional machine identities, their behaviour changes over time, creating an entirely new category of security risk. David outlines how organisations can begin to secure these identities now, rather than deferring the problem until it becomes unmanageable.

By the end of this episode, you will have a clear view of why identity-first security is essential in a machine-dominated environment, what practical steps can be taken to close gaps without adding unnecessary friction, and why aligning identity strategy with your organisation’s digital roadmap is no longer optional.