Chapter 2, Verse 48: Evenness of mind (samatvam) means remaining equanimous to four possible outcomes: getting more than, less than, equal to, or opposite of expectations. Success can lead to pride while failure can trigger anger towards Ishvara and blame-seeking – both resulting in loss of perspective. This equanimity isn't mere advice but an understanding that results come from impersonal, impartial laws of Ishvara. These universal laws operate without bias (like gravity affecting all equally) and include the law of karma (cause-effect). While karma operates across millennia and includes collective karma (samashti-karma), life combines both free will (purushartha) and destiny (prarabdha). Outcomes depend on effort (prayatna), timing (kala), and grace (kripa). Verse essence: Equanimity in action comes from understanding that results are governed by impartial universal laws.

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