In an exclusive interview with Infection Control Today, Dr. Deborah Birx, MD, shared crucial updates on the ongoing threat of avian influenza (H5N1) and its implications for public health. With the H5N1 strain spreading globally and showing concerning cross-species transmission, Dr. Birx stressed the importance of strong infection prevention strategies, including improved surveillance, strict biosecurity measures, and cross-sector collaboration. She also highlighted the risks of viral mutations, the potential for human-to-human transmission, and the urgency of preparing healthcare systems for emerging threats. Her insights provide infection preventionists with actionable recommendations to tackle the evolving challenges posed by avian flu.