In this episode of Governance Futures, hosts Jamilya and Eugene speak with Seth Frey, computational social scientist and researcher of governance, common pool resources, and online communities. Seth brings insights from years of studying how people self-organize — from Minecraft servers to DAOs — and explores what digital communities can learn from Ostrom’s theories of commons management.
The conversation covers the roots of governance in human behavior, why DAOs struggle not from a lack of tools but from a lack of community managers, and why decentralization without culture leads to chaos.
Seth shares lessons from online systems like Minecraft and Reddit, reflects on the balance between centralization and decentralization, and discusses how “off-chain” culture and human development are the true frontiers of Web3 governance. The episode closes with his one-word vision for governance: Scaling Local.

Some of the materials we mention in the episode: Online communities as model systems for commons governance- https://enfascination.com/weblog/post/2907

Timestamps

00:00 – Cold start

01:00 – Introduction: Hosts reflect on their conversation with Seth

04:25 – Overview of Seth’s work on governance and common pool resources

05:57 – Parallels between traditional and digital commons

08:11 – Applying Ostrom’s framework to digital resources

10:11 – The Ostroms’ contribution: self-organization beyond market and state

12:34 – Eleanor Ostrom’s legacy and early research journey

14:35 – Defining common resources in Web3: attention and computational limits

15:42 – Lag, attention, and other finite digital resources

18:02 – What Minecraft communities teach us about self-governance

20:00 – Bureaucracy and creativity in online worlds

22:26 – Rules as history lessons vs. proactive governance

24:11 – From informal play to formal systems: emergent order in communities

26:20 – How users invented governance in Minecraft

28:34 – Human motivation in governance: enthusiasm vs. apathy

30:43 – When democracy is appropriate — earning participation

33:02 – The problem with solving problems you don’t yet have

34:53 – Benevolent dictatorships and transitions to community management

37:02 – Why communities resist picking up the ball of participation

39:21 – Learning from lived experience, not ideology

41:03 – Off-chain culture, vibes, and the role of community managers

43:11 – Building strong community culture as a governance project

45:12 – The science of vibes and sustaining good culture

47:15 – Redefining decentralization and polycentric governance

49:36 – Power, purity, and the myth of total decentralization

51:30 – Bureaucracy as fairness and human-centered governance

53:29 – Training people to govern: developing human capacity

55:30 – Technology vs. people — garbage in, garbage out

56:20 – Leadership’s paradox: top-down democracy building

58:37 – Standardizing culture without killing diversity

01:00:48 – Polycentric systems: designing top-down and bottom-up balance

01:03:02 – AI in governance: developmental, not managerial

01:05:26 – AI as a tool for training future human governors

01:07:24 – One-word quiz: Inspiration, Futility, Off-chain, Scaling Local

01:14:19 – Closing reflections and outro