154: AI in Pathology: Advances in Prostate, Bladder & Endocrine Cancer

Digital Pathology Podcast

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If our visual scoring is still based on gut feeling, how do we scale precision?
In this week’s DigiPath Digest, I explored four new AI-focused papers that could reshape how we diagnose prostate, bladder, gastroesophageal, and endocrine cancers.

From automated IHC scoring to predicting urethral recurrence post-cystectomy, these studies highlight the growing value—and responsibility—of integrating AI into our pathology workflows.

And yes, I also reveal where to get my histology-inspired earrings 😉

Episode Highlights

[06:00] Muse Vet Platform launch + STP talk
[11:00] Tools I use: Perplexity, RAG, ChatGPT, and AI citation traps
[14:00] AI’s promise—and its pitfalls

Paper 1: IHC Scoring in GEC (Caputo et al.)

Manual PD-L1 and HER2 scoring is subjective. This study shows AI can standardize and improve accuracy using digital tools for GEC.

[20:00] AI reduces visual bias
[23:00] Potential to replace expensive assays

Paper 2: ASAP in Prostate Biopsies

Page Prostate AI matched final diagnoses 85% of the time—more than human reviewers.

[24:00] ASAP = gray zone diagnosis
[27:00] AI matched final calls more often than humans

Paper 3: Recurrence Prediction Post-Cystectomy

Chinese study developed a recurrence model using ML on clinical data. AUC: 0.86 (train), 0.77 (test).

[30:00] Risk factors: CIS, bladder neck involvement
[32:00] SHAP explained model insights

Paper 4: Reticulin Framework in Endocrine Pathology

Reticulin stains are cheap but powerful. This paper calls for AI to take notice.

[36:00] Reticulin separates benign from malignant
[40:00] Let’s train AI on these patterns

📚 Resource from this Episode

Caputo et al., Pathology Research & Practice
Page Prostate study on ASAP
ML model predicting urethral recurrence
Reticulin stains in endocrine tumor grading

AI is already enhancing diagnostic precision—we just need to guide its use responsibly. From special stains to advanced models, this episode covers where we're headed next.

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