In this episode, we explore a crucial and timely issue: how the Trump administration’s approach to antitrust enforcement—combined with new state-level regulations—is creating a shifting legal environment for life sciences companies, especially those involved in mergers and acquisitions (M&A).

At the federal level, Assistant Attorney General Gail Slater, in her first major antitrust address, emphasized a renewed focus on strict legal enforcement. Rather than relying on expansive regulatory interpretations, the administration is doubling down on clear statutory authority. This signals a return to more traditional antitrust principles, with heightened scrutiny of M&A transactions that may limit competition or consolidate market power.

But the complexity doesn’t stop there.

On April 4, 2025, Washington State passed SB 5122, becoming the first state to mandate broad pre-merger notifications across all industries. Effective July 27, 2025, this law requires companies meeting specific criteria—such as having a Washington-based headquarters, generating over $25.3 million in state sales, and operating as a healthcare provider or organization—to submit their federal Hart-Scott-Rodino (HSR) filings to the state Attorney General’s Office. Although there’s no filing fee or mandatory waiting period, noncompliance can lead to civil penalties of up to $10,000 per day.

This development sets a precedent, and other states like New York and California are already considering similar requirements. Life sciences companies must now navigate a growing web of both federal and state-level antitrust obligations.

Key Implications for Life Sciences Companies:

1. More aggressive M&A oversight: Federal and state authorities are signaling stricter reviews, particularly in transactions involving healthcare players.
   
   
2. Multi-jurisdictional compliance risks: Companies operating across several states must track and comply with differing notification and filing obligations.
   
   
3. Operational readiness is essential: Internal legal and compliance teams need to coordinate more closely with business development to ensure smooth and compliant deal execution.
   
   

Strategic Recommendations:

• Antitrust Risk Assessments: Evaluate all proposed and ongoing transactions for potential red flags at both state and federal levels.
  
  
• Monitor Legislative Trends: Keep track of proposed laws in states like Massachusetts, California, and New York that may soon mirror Washington’s model.
  
  
• Strengthen Internal Protocols: Develop systems to ensure accurate, timely submissions of required documentation—both federally and at the state level.
  
  
• Engage Counsel Early: Legal teams should be involved at the earliest stages of deal structuring to identify issues before they escalate.
  
  

In an environment where both federal enforcers and state regulators are increasing scrutiny, proactive planning is critical. Companies that adapt quickly to these shifting expectations will be better positioned to manage risk and maintain momentum.

Stay tuned for our next episode as we continue exploring the legal and regulatory trends shaping the pharmaceutical and life sciences industries.

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