This excerpt focuses on the meaning of "Buddha", explaining it as shorthand for "Buddha-dharma," encompassing the qualities of a "wise one" (智者) and an "enlightened one" (覺者). It details the three stages of wisdom needed to become a wise one – knowledge of the universal nature (一切智), knowledge of the specific nature (道種智), and the culmination in all-encompassing wisdom (一切種智). The path to becoming an enlightened one involves awareness (覺察) and understanding (覺悟), addressing the two obstacles (二障): internal afflictions (煩惱障) related to suffering and external cognitive hindrances (所知障) preventing full comprehension of reality. Ultimately, the text emphasizes that understanding universal existence (宇宙人生), including space and time, through the perspective of the wise and enlightened is key to liberation and achieving the state of Buddhahood.