In this bonus episode of Dot One, we explore two fundamental pillars of access control—authentication and authorization. Authentication is the process of verifying identity, ensuring that only legitimate users gain access to systems and data. But authentication alone isn’t enough; authorization dictates what users can do once inside, preventing unnecessary exposure to sensitive information. We break down different authentication methods, from traditional passwords to multifactor authentication (MFA), and explore authorization models like Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC).

Access control is essential in preventing insider threats, accidental data leaks, and cyberattacks, but implementing it effectively presents challenges. Over-permissioning, weak password hygiene, and balancing security with usability are common issues organizations face. We discuss best practices for strengthening authentication, optimizing authorization policies, and adopting zero-trust principles to ensure security without hindering productivity. Tune in to learn how these core security mechanisms protect data, streamline access, and enhance cybersecurity in modern digital environments.