You may have heard me drone on and on about this thing called "reflective thinking". We philosophers and cognitive scientists are preoccupied with it. However, we lack a definition of 'reflective thinking' that can serve both philosophers and scientists. Because I do both philosophy and cognitive science, I've had to synthesize a measurable construct from fields like psychology and philosophy. In this episode, I'll read my latest paper, which explains the two key features of 'reflection' and how we measure them. This two-factor account of reflective thinking can unify centuries of English-language scholarship. And it has implications for theories of rationality, self-knowledge, and so-called dual systems. Byrd, N. (2025). A Two-Factor Explication Of ‘Reflection’: Unifying, Making Sense Of, And Guiding The Philosophy And Science Of Reflective Reasoning. Res Philosophica. Preprint: https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/d628j As always, free preprints of my papers are available on my CV at byrdnick.com/cv under "Publications". This episode's affiliate partner is Coursera. Coursera has something for everyone: students, teachers, schools, companies, and even governments. Find out how they can serve your education needs at Coursera.com/BYRD. You can find the Upon Reflection podcast here or in your podcast app. If you like what you hear, you can subscribe wherever you find podcasts, follow on BlueSky at @ByrdNick.com, on Mastadon (@ByrdNick), and all the other platforms. If you end up enjoying the Upon Reflection podcast, then feel free to tell people about it, online, in person, or in your review. Related posts On Whether Reflection Is A Skill The Roles of Intuition & Reflection in Skill & Expertise On Whether Reflection Is A Virtue What good is reflective reasoning? What Is Reflective Reasoning?