Peer into the minds of the greatest creative geniuses in history. Join us as we explore the mystery of how creativity works, art history and how you can improve your own creative process. The labyrinth awaits. Creative Codex is one-part podcast and one-part imaginative lecture series, featuring thoroughly researched insights into the creative process mixed with captivating soundscapes and original music. Produced & Written by MJDorian
…
continue reading
Creativity Creative Process Original Series Podcasts
1
Poetry: The Creative Process: Poets discuss Poems & Creativity
Writing: Creative Process Original Series
4
85
Poetry episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. Listen to poets reading their poetry & discuss their lives, work & creative process. Includes environmental poetry, humanities & activism. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conv ...
…
continue reading
1
Philosophy, Ideas, Critical Thinking, Ethics & Morality: The Creative Process: Philosophers, Writers, Educators, Creative Thinkers, Spiritual Leaders, Environmentalists & Bioethicists
Philosophers, Writers, Educators, Creative Thinkers, Spiritual Leaders, Environmentalists & Bioethicists · Creative Process Original Series
7300
Philosophy episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to philosophers, writers, educators, spiritual leaders, environmentalists, bioethicists, artists & creative thinkers in other. disciplines To listen to ALL arts & education episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative ...
…
continue reading
1
Books & Writers · The Creative Process: Novelists, Screenwriters, Playwrights, Poets, Non-fiction Writers & Journalists Talk Writing, Life & Creativity
Novelists, Screenwriters, Playwrights, Poets, Non-fiction Writers & Journalists Talk Writing · Creative Process Original Series
5299
Books & Writing episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, artists & creative thinkers across the Arts & STEM. We discuss their life, work & artistic practice. Winne ...
…
continue reading
1
Education, The Creative Process: Educators, Writers, Artists, Activists Talk Teachers, Schools & Creativity
Educators, Writers, Artists, Activists Talk Teaching & Learning: Creative Process Original Series
2300
Education episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to educators, writers, artists, activists, teachers, librarians in the arts, STEM & other disciplines. To listen to ALL arts & education episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, a ...
…
continue reading
L Pass in conversation with other creatives about their process, their loves, and the skills it takes to make their magic. Original theme song: Night Vision, by Lauren Passarelli Guitars & slide guitars - Lauren Passarelli Bass - Mike Bishop Drums - Mike Bean Horns, organ & Clavinet - Doug Alexander Join Lauren’s mailing list: https://laurenpassarelli.com/ newsletter, blog, new music, guitar courses, guitar charts, encouragement, Groove Guitar Classes, fun! https://linktr.ee/laurenpassarelli ...
…
continue reading
1
Social Justice & Activism - The Creative Process - Activists, Environmental, Indigenous Groups, Artists and Writers Talk Diversity, Equity and inclusion
Creative Process Original Series
4300
Social Justice & Activism episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to activists, environmental organizations, indigenous groups, artists, writers & others who have devoted their life to making a difference. Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, artists & creative thinkers across the Arts & STEM. We discuss their life, work & artistic practice. Winners of Oscar, Emmy, Tony, Pulitzer, leaders & public figures share real experience ...
…
continue reading
1
Feminism, Women’s Stories: The Creative Process: Empowering Stories, Inspiring Women, Gender Equality, Women's Rights & Empowerment
Empowering Stories, Inspiring Women: Creative Process Original Series
5299
Feminism & Women’s Issues episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. Listen to Empowering Stories from Inspiring Women, discussing their lives, work & creative process. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with write ...
…
continue reading
1
Tech, Innovation & Society - The Creative Process: Technology, AI, Software, Future, Economy, Science, Engineering & Robotics Interviews
Technology, AI, Software, Future, Economy, Science, Engineering & Robotics Interviews - Creative Process Original Series
2300
Rethinking tomorrow. We focus on technology, innovation, society, AI, science, engineering, the economy & issues facing people & the planet. Leading thinkers, organizations & environmentalists discuss technology, creativity & pathways for a more sustainable future. Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, artists & creative thinkers across the Arts & STEM. We discuss their life, work & artistic practice. Winners of Oscar, Emmy, Tony, Pulitzer, leaders & ...
…
continue reading
1
Art · The Creative Process: Artists, Curators, Museum Directors Talk Art, Life & Creativity
Artists, Curators, Museum Directors Talk Art & Creativity · Creative Process Original Series
6208
Art episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to artists, curators, museum directors about their work & how they made their creative careers. To listen to arts episodes across a variety of disciplines, follow our main podcast: “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”. You’ll find us on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations wit ...
…
continue reading
1
Film & TV, The Creative Process: Acting, Directing, Writing, Cinematography, Producers, Composers, Costume Design, Talk Art & Creativity
Acting, Directing, Writing, Cinematography Producing Conversations: Creative Process Original Series
4240
Film & TV episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to actors, directors, writers, cinematographers & variety of behind the scenes creatives about their work and how they forged their creative careers. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds o ...
…
continue reading
1
Spirituality & Mindfulness · The Creative Process: Spiritual Leaders, Mindfulness Experts, Great Thinkers, Authors, Elders, Artists Talk Faith & Religion
Spiritual Leaders, Mindfulness Experts, Great Thinkers, Authors, Elders, Artists Talk Faith & Religion · Creative Process Original Series
3290
Spirituality & Mindfulness episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to spiritual leaders, mindfulness experts, great thinkers and authors, elders, artists, musicians and others discuss paths to faith, connection, and creativity. To listen to ALL arts, education & spirituality episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your po ...
…
continue reading
1
Music & Dance: Musicians, Composers, Singers, Dancers, Choreographers, Performers Talk Art, Creativity & The Creative Process
Musicians, Composers, Performers, Dancers, Choreographers...in Conversation: Creative Process Original Series
2191
Music & Dance episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, artists & creative thinkers across the Arts & STEM. We discuss their life, work & artistic practice. Winners ...
…
continue reading
1
Theatre · The Creative Process: Acting, Directing, Writing & Behind the Scenes Conversations
Acting, Directing, Writing & Behind the Scenes Conversations · Creative Process Original Series
287
Theatre episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. We speak to performers and behind the scenes creatives. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find us on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with writers, artists & creative thinkers across the Arts & STEM. We discuss their lif ...
…
continue reading
The Somerset House Podcast, shaped and sculpted by artists, explores original cultural ideas which connect listeners to the creative process. Each series goes behind the scenes at Somerset House to uncover the stories explored through our programme and creative community. As the home of cultural innovators, Somerset House connects creativity and the artist with wider society to produce unexpected outcomes and unexplored futures, intensifying creativity and multiplying opportunity to drive ar ...
…
continue reading
1
LGBTQ+ Stories: The Creative Process: Gender, Equality, Gay, Lesbian, Queer, Bisexual, Homosexual, Trans Creatives Talk LGBTQ Rights
Gender, Equality, Gay, Lesbian, Queer, Bisexual, Trans Creatives: Creative Process Original Series
275
LGBTQ+ episodes of the popular The Creative Process podcast. Listen to Gay, Lesbian, Queer, Bisexual, Trans creatives tell their stories, discuss their lives, work & creative process. To listen to ALL arts & creativity episodes of “The Creative Process · Arts, Culture & Society”, you’ll find our main podcast on Apple: tinyurl.com/thecreativepod, Spotify: tinyurl.com/thecreativespotify, or wherever you get your podcasts! Exploring the fascinating minds of creative people. Conversations with w ...
…
continue reading
1
Future Cities · Sustainability, Energy, Innovation, Climate Change, Transport, Housing, Work, Circular Economy, Education & Environmental Solutions
One Planet Podcast · Creative Process Original Series
8137
What will the city of tomorrow look like? We are living in the Century of the City. Cities are the main drivers of creativity and innovation. Yet, a great number of people have little or no conception of what their future will look like when it comes to creating resilient, sustainable, and liveable cities. Even though a significant majority are intent on learning more about climate disruption, energy, transport, water, air, waste, education, and jobs. In a decade of transformative change, Fu ...
…
continue reading
EarthRealm's Ultimate Mortal Kombat PodKast The Realm Kast is Mortal Kombat Online's official podcast where FANTiM and Yani bring in well-known and/or significant members of the Mortal Kombat community to discuss a variety of MK specific topics such as but not exclusive to the lore, tournaments, and the overall direction of the series! View our Show Notes on: www.realmkast.com MortalKombatOnline.com
…
continue reading
Podcast by New York Videogame Critics Circle
…
continue reading
1
Nordic Art & Contemporary Perspectives at the ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART - Highlights
12:25
12:25
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
12:25
“This awe that I feel every time I meet an artist who has the courage to deal with what it means to be in the world as a human being and to tackle it from different ways and through different media. I always feel that through the collaborations I have with artists, I learn a little bit more about the world, myself, my feelings or emotions, and how …
…
continue reading
1
Nordic Art & Contemporary Perspectives at the ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART - Highlights
12:25
12:25
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
12:25
“This awe that I feel every time I meet an artist who has the courage to deal with what it means to be in the world as a human being and to tackle it from different ways and through different media. I always feel that through the collaborations I have with artists, I learn a little bit more about the world, myself, my feelings or emotions, and how …
…
continue reading
1
Nordic Art & Contemporary Perspectives at the ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART - Highlights
12:25
12:25
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
12:25
“This awe that I feel every time I meet an artist who has the courage to deal with what it means to be in the world as a human being and to tackle it from different ways and through different media. I always feel that through the collaborations I have with artists, I learn a little bit more about the world, myself, my feelings or emotions, and how …
…
continue reading
1
Nordic Art & Contemporary Perspectives at the ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART - Highlights
12:25
12:25
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
12:25
“This awe that I feel every time I meet an artist who has the courage to deal with what it means to be in the world as a human being and to tackle it from different ways and through different media. I always feel that through the collaborations I have with artists, I learn a little bit more about the world, myself, my feelings or emotions, and how …
…
continue reading
1
The Future of Museums with MARIE NIPPER, Director of ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART
1:09:12
1:09:12
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:09:12
“We don't need to find an end solution, but it's a space where we can speculate, imagine, and practice our foresight. We can be part of a bigger imagination together with an institutional framework, which is really what we try to motivate as well when we communicate these exhibitions to our audience and speak with our guests about these works. We c…
…
continue reading
1
The Future of Museums with MARIE NIPPER, Director of ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART
1:09:12
1:09:12
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:09:12
“We don't need to find an end solution, but it's a space where we can speculate, imagine, and practice our foresight. We can be part of a bigger imagination together with an institutional framework, which is really what we try to motivate as well when we communicate these exhibitions to our audience and speak with our guests about these works. We c…
…
continue reading
1
The Future of Museums with MARIE NIPPER, Director of ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART
1:09:12
1:09:12
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:09:12
“We don't need to find an end solution, but it's a space where we can speculate, imagine, and practice our foresight. We can be part of a bigger imagination together with an institutional framework, which is really what we try to motivate as well when we communicate these exhibitions to our audience and speak with our guests about these works. We c…
…
continue reading
1
The Future of Museums with MARIE NIPPER, Director of ARKEN MUSEUM OF CONTEMPORARY ART
1:09:12
1:09:12
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:09:12
“We don't need to find an end solution, but it's a space where we can speculate, imagine, and practice our foresight. We can be part of a bigger imagination together with an institutional framework, which is really what we try to motivate as well when we communicate these exhibitions to our audience and speak with our guests about these works. We c…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
How to Make an Algorithm in the Microwave with Poet MAYA SALAMEH
38:26
38:26
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
38:26
“Poetry is like one of the great loves of my life, and I think it's probably the longest relationship I'll ever have. I read a lot of poetry. I also wrote these short stories even when I was pretty young, like in second grade, and the stories kept getting shorter and shorter. My family used to go to Damascus in Syria and Lebanon every summer for th…
…
continue reading
1
Art is a Fundamental Element of Life - Gallerist HANNAH BARRY on a Life in Art
34:58
34:58
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
34:58
“There's something fundamental about the value of art and culture. Not just being integrated for vocational reasons, but because the experience of art and having a cultural element in one's life brings enjoyment, learning, relief, or any of the many experiences and feelings that art provides. I think this is quite fundamental as an element of life.…
…
continue reading
1
Art is a Fundamental Element of Life - Gallerist HANNAH BARRY on a Life in Art
34:58
34:58
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
34:58
“There's something fundamental about the value of art and culture. Not just being integrated for vocational reasons, but because the experience of art and having a cultural element in one's life brings enjoyment, learning, relief, or any of the many experiences and feelings that art provides. I think this is quite fundamental as an element of life.…
…
continue reading
1
Art is a Fundamental Element of Life - Gallerist HANNAH BARRY on a Life in Art
34:58
34:58
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
34:58
“There's something fundamental about the value of art and culture. Not just being integrated for vocational reasons, but because the experience of art and having a cultural element in one's life brings enjoyment, learning, relief, or any of the many experiences and feelings that art provides. I think this is quite fundamental as an element of life.…
…
continue reading
1
Art is a Fundamental Element of Life - Gallerist HANNAH BARRY on a Life in Art
34:58
34:58
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
34:58
“There's something fundamental about the value of art and culture. Not just being integrated for vocational reasons, but because the experience of art and having a cultural element in one's life brings enjoyment, learning, relief, or any of the many experiences and feelings that art provides. I think this is quite fundamental as an element of life.…
…
continue reading
1
Art is a Fundamental Element of Life - Gallerist HANNAH BARRY on a Life in Art
34:58
34:58
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
34:58
“There's something fundamental about the value of art and culture. Not just being integrated for vocational reasons, but because the experience of art and having a cultural element in one's life brings enjoyment, learning, relief, or any of the many experiences and feelings that art provides. I think this is quite fundamental as an element of life.…
…
continue reading
1
Empire of AI: Dreams & Nightmares in Sam Altman's Open AI with KAREN HAO
43:40
43:40
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
43:40
“My book is called Empire of AI because I'm trying to articulate this argument and illustrate that these companies operate exactly like empires of old. I highlight four features that essentially encapsulate the three things you read. However, I started talking about it in a different way after writing the book. The four features are: they lay claim…
…
continue reading
1
Empire of AI: Dreams & Nightmares in Sam Altman's Open AI with KAREN HAO
43:40
43:40
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
43:40
“My book is called Empire of AI because I'm trying to articulate this argument and illustrate that these companies operate exactly like empires of old. I highlight four features that essentially encapsulate the three things you read. However, I started talking about it in a different way after writing the book. The four features are: they lay claim…
…
continue reading
1
Empire of AI: Dreams & Nightmares in Sam Altman's Open AI with KAREN HAO
43:40
43:40
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
43:40
“My book is called Empire of AI because I'm trying to articulate this argument and illustrate that these companies operate exactly like empires of old. I highlight four features that essentially encapsulate the three things you read. However, I started talking about it in a different way after writing the book. The four features are: they lay claim…
…
continue reading
1
Empire of AI: Dreams & Nightmares in Sam Altman's Open AI with KAREN HAO
43:40
43:40
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
43:40
“My book is called Empire of AI because I'm trying to articulate this argument and illustrate that these companies operate exactly like empires of old. I highlight four features that essentially encapsulate the three things you read. However, I started talking about it in a different way after writing the book. The four features are: they lay claim…
…
continue reading
1
53: Hilma af Klint • Painting the Unseen • Part 2: For The Temple
1:22:35
1:22:35
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
1:22:35
In 1906, Hilma af Klint begins painting a monumental project: Paintings for the Temple. She receives a commission for this series from higher beings contacted through channeling sessions. What is the message of these paintings? And what makes them so remarkable? ∞∞∞∞∞ Support Creative Codex on my Patreon and get access to exclusive episodes includi…
…
continue reading
1
Healing, Connection & Creativity in the Age of AI - ETGAR KERET on Why We Need Stories in Times of Crisis - Highlights
19:13
19:13
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
19:13
“I feel that when you don't tell your story, it's as if you have a limited existence. We can always have some kind of choice, but I'm saying that the story we choose may be the most crucial choice that we make, because this story will affect all the other choices.” Etgar Keret is one of the most inventive and celebrated short story writers of his g…
…
continue reading
1
Why We Need Stories in Times of Crisis: ETGAR KERET on Healing, Connection & Creativity in the Age of AI - Highlights
19:13
19:13
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
19:13
“I feel that when you don't tell your story, it's as if you have a limited existence. We can always have some kind of choice, but I'm saying that the story we choose may be the most crucial choice that we make, because this story will affect all the other choices.” Etgar Keret is one of the most inventive and celebrated short story writers of his g…
…
continue reading
1
Why We Need Stories in Times of Crisis: ETGAR KERET on Healing, Connection & Creativity in the Age of AI - Highlights
19:13
19:13
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
19:13
“I feel that when you don't tell your story, it's as if you have a limited existence. We can always have some kind of choice, but I'm saying that the story we choose may be the most crucial choice that we make, because this story will affect all the other choices.” Etgar Keret is one of the most inventive and celebrated short story writers of his g…
…
continue reading
1
Why We Need Stories in Times of Crisis: ETGAR KERET on Healing, Connection & Creativity in the Age of AI - Highlights
19:13
19:13
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
19:13
“I feel that when you don't tell your story, it's as if you have a limited existence. We can always have some kind of choice, but I'm saying that the story we choose may be the most crucial choice that we make, because this story will affect all the other choices.” Etgar Keret is one of the most inventive and celebrated short story writers of his g…
…
continue reading
1
Why We Need Stories in Times of Crisis: ETGAR KERET on Healing, Connection & Creativity in the Age of AI - Highlights
19:13
19:13
Play later
Play later
Lists
Like
Liked
19:13
“I feel that when you don't tell your story, it's as if you have a limited existence. We can always have some kind of choice, but I'm saying that the story we choose may be the most crucial choice that we make, because this story will affect all the other choices.” Etgar Keret is one of the most inventive and celebrated short story writers of his g…
…
continue reading
