Best Tim Callan Podcasts (2025)

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Root Causes 548: AI 1000 Days from Now - Emotional Intelligence 17:43

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16h ago17:43

17:43

We begin a new series about what we expect from AI in the next three years. In this episode we discuss AI emulating emotional intelligence and its benefits.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 547: Should We Do Mass Revocation Fire Drills? 12:32

4h ago12:32

12:32

In this episode we discuss the value for enterprises in running mass revocation drills and compare the merits of tabletop exercises versus voluntary revocation events.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 546: New Research Codifies Arguments for and Against QWACs 43:26

7d ago43:26

43:26

We are joined by guests Pol Holzmer and Johannes Sedlmeir to describe their recent research that documents and organizes public arguments made about QWAC certificates. You can find this research at https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/66334.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 545: What Is MOSH? 8:18

9d ago8:18

8:18

The MOSH tool aids the use of SSH-secured sessions, especially across different systems. Jason unpacks the security of this system and how it uses encryption and shared secrets.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 543: AI Finds a Zero Day 17:45

14d ago17:45

17:45

We have seen the first known instance of an AI tool discovering a zero-day vulnerability. This could have vast implications on vulnerability detection and bug bounty programs. We discuss the implications.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 544: What Is Chain of Lure? 10:02

6d ago10:02

10:02

Chain of lure is an attack method used to circumvent restrictions and boundaries placed on AIs. Jason explains this attack and its implications.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 542: Use Cases for HQC 10:34

10d ago10:34

10:34

In this episode we go over some of the reasons one might choose HQC over ML-KEM as a PQC key exchange algorithm for specific circumstances. And we discuss the future diversity of cryptography.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 541: Introducing the HQC PQC Algorithm 6:52

7d ago6:52

6:52

NIST recently selected a second Key Exchange Module (KEM) among the PQC algorithms, HQC. We explain this code-based algorithm.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 540: Contextual CBOM 11:03

11d ago11:03

11:03

We define Cryptographic Bill of Materials (CBOM), which is more than a list of your cryptography and where it is. A CBOM need also include information about the PQC readiness of environments, availability of updates, and the importance of secrets.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 539: What Is the Two-QWAC Architecture? 20:02

16d ago20:02

20:02

A new kind of eIDAS QWAC (Qualifieid Website Authentication Certificate) is on the way. The "two-QWAC architecture" introduces a second certificate containing organization information to be displayed by the browser, to sit alongside but independent of the certificate that authenticates a domain. We explain what's coming and why.…

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Root Causes 538: What Is an Entropy Desert? 9:02

18d ago9:02

9:02

An environment in which credentials are extremely predictable could be described as an entropy desert. There are occurring at a global scale. We discuss concepts like measurable entropy availability and entropy by design.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 537: The Thermodynamics of Privacy 13:34

21d ago13:34

13:34

In this episode we build on our concept of entropy-aware guidance to explain how we might quantify privacy. We touch on GDPR, proof of work, and Landaur's principle.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 536: Patent Blocker on ML-KEM 11:51

23d ago11:51

11:51

A patent dispute in 2024 nearly blocked ML-KEM. But emerging thinking raises concern that the 2024 resolution did not guarantee full, clear access to all ML-KEM implementations. We explain.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 535: The CPS Is a Superset of Actual Practices 10:22

26d ago10:22

10:22

The CPS must always be a superset of actual practices in a properly running CA. We explain why this is a product of good design.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 534: Signing the Machines That Think 8:56

27d ago8:56

8:56

Imagine what happens if you use the wrong LLM, including a malicious model placed there to create mischief or crime. How do you know? Jason proposes that, the same way we sign our code, we should be signing our AI models as well.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 533: Flexibility Through Multi-CA Trust Models 9:25

1M ago9:25

9:25

By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 532: Introducing Offline PKI 11:04

1M ago11:04

11:04

In this episode, Jason describes how we might use the principles of PKI in a purely offline scenario.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 531: Benefits of Single-purpose Root Hierarchies 16:36

1M ago16:36

16:36

Public certificates are transitioning from multi-purpose root hierarchies to single-purpose ones. We discuss why.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 530: Introducing the AI Iceberg 18:46

2M ago18:46

18:46

We compare AI in 2025 to Internet in 1995 and describe the AI iceberg, including the majority of applications which are below the waterline.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 529: What Is a Common Mark Certificate? 7:32

2M ago7:32

7:32

Verified Mark Certificates (VMC) now have a companion product for logos that are not registered trademarks, called a Common Mark Certificate (CMC). We explain the differences.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 528: Misissued SSL Certificate for 1.1.1.1 17:31

2M ago17:31

17:31

A CA has incorrectly issued TLS certificates for the 1.1.1.1 and 2.2.2.2 IP addresses. We go into the details.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 527: Key Dates for the Deprecation of Public mTLS 10:25

2M ago10:25

10:25

Client authentication using public TLS server certificates is on the deprecation path. In this episode we go through the key dates in this deprecation.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 526: Voice Biometrics Are Worthless 8:32

2M ago8:32

8:32

Based on the ready availability of AI-based voice cloning, we declare voice biometric authentication to be utterly valueless.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 525: The End of Email-based DCV 10:03

2M ago10:03

10:03

A new CABF ballot proposal will eliminate all email- and phone-based DCV over the next few years. We go into the details.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 524: How to Kill Three Birds with One Stone 12:42

2M ago12:42

12:42

Three major changes are coming to the world of public certificates, all of which require major changes in how organizations deploy, renew, and manage their certificates. These are 47-day SSL, PQC, and the deprecation of mTLS. We describe the overlap between these efforts and how to combine them for better efficiency and project management.…

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Root Causes 523: Will Your Configuration Block MPIC DCV? 11:16

3M ago11:16

11:16

MPIC (Multi-perspective Issuance Corroboration) is soon to move into enforcement phase. In this episode we describe three configuration decisions that can force Domain Control Validation (DCV) to fail and tell you what to do about them before you have a problem.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 522: How Prepared Are Enterprises for PQC? (Part 2) 33:28

3M ago33:28

33:28

We complete our description and commentary on the results of Sectigo's survey of enterprise preparedness for Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC).By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 521: How Prepared Are Enterprises for PQC? (Part 1) 32:22

3M ago32:22

32:22

We begin to go over the results of Sectigo's recent survey of enterprises and their preparedness and plans for adopting Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC).By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 520: How Prepared Are IT Teams for 47-day Certificates? 45:05

3M ago45:05

45:05

Sectigo has released the results of its survey of IT professionals in charge of certificates to measure their readiness and preparation for 47-day maximum certificate term. We go over the results.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 519: AI Is the Room 18:25

3M ago18:25

18:25

AI is not the elephant in the room. It is the room itself. Jason explains what he means by that.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 518: NCSC Lukewarm on FIDO WebAuthn 16:31

3M ago16:31

16:31

Britain's National Cyber Security Centre recently issued a lukewarm verdict on passkeys as an authentication solution. We explore the problems with WebAuthn, including account recovery, spotty availability, inconsistent implementation, and lack of Linux support.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 517: The Cost of Quantum Factoring 5:20

4M ago5:20

5:20

Jason walks us through an important recent paper from Google tracking the cost of quantum factoring.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 516: PQC for ADCS 13:39

4M ago13:39

13:39

Microsoft has finally announced that it will offer an update to Active Directory Certificate Services (ADCS, formerly MSCA) to support post quantum cryptography. We discuss Microsoft's checkered support for ADCS and offer some questions users should be asking.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 515: What Is Entropy-aware Governance? 14:51

4M ago14:51

14:51

Jason coins the term "entropy-aware governance" to describe the idea of using the degree of entropy it contains to measure the strength of any given secret. This could be an objective, consistent metric that could be applied to standard practices and requirements.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 514: Diary of an Online Firestorm 12:45

4M ago12:45

12:45

Tim describes how the addition of an item to the CABF face-to-face meeting agenda blew up into a panicked and outraged online thread. We discuss what a more functional response would have looked like.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 513: Is Revocation the Best Remedy for CPS Misalignment? 12:21

4M ago12:21

12:21

We continue our discussion of CPS misalignment by discussing the reasons for revocation as a remedy, its disadvantages, and the possibility of another solution that provides the same benefits at less cost.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 512: CPS Versus Practices Misalignment 12:41

4M ago12:41

12:41

We examine the circumstance where otherwise allowed practices are out of alignment with the stated practices in the relevant CPS. We discuss CA transparency and accountability, increased scrutiny of the CPS, and mass revocation.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 511: The GoML Root Store 15:41

5M ago15:41

15:41

We follow up on our discussion of the Get off My Lawn (GoTM) browser with Jason's adventure in creating his own custom root store.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 510: Introducing the GoML Browser 10:18

5M ago10:18

10:18

We discuss Jason's code vibing journey to create the Get Off My Lawn! (GoTM) browser. We discuss SSL certificate information, EV indicators, and cookie handling.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 509: What Is a CPS? 7:30

5M ago7:30

7:30

We define CPS (Certificate Practices Statement) and explain the role it plays in both the WebPKI and private CAs.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 508: What Is Code Vibing? 17:43

5M ago17:43

17:43

"Code vibing" is using generative AI to create or improve working code. We share Jason's adventure using code vibing to create his own web browser.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 507: First Distrust of 2025 9:32

5M ago9:32

9:32

The first CA distrust event of 2025 comes with two simultaneous CA distrusts. We give you the details.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 506: Recap of CABF Face-to-face #65 8:53

5M ago8:53

8:53

For the first time ever, Jason and I record an episode from the floor of the CA/Browser Forum face-to-face meeting. We recap the themes of this meeting, and Jason gives his first impressions of a CABF Face-to-face.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 505: Trust Now, Forge Later 10:33

5M ago10:33

10:33

In this episode we explain the potential for future quantum computers to break files signed today with RSA or ECC, called "Trust now, forge later."By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 504: Jason Programs a Quantum Computer 17:48

5M ago17:48

17:48

Jason describes his recent experience using Amazon Braket.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 502: The PQC Game of Chicken 10:59

6M ago10:59

10:59

In this episode Jason explains the fallacy of "playing chicken" with the Quantum Apocalypse. We discuss stack ranking and "eyes open" PQC risk decisions.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 501: Why Increasing RSA Key Size Won't Solve the Quantum Problem 3:35

6M ago3:35

3:35

In this brief episode we explain why the problem that Shor's Algorithm poses to RSA and ECC can't be solved simply by increasing key size.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 500: OMG! 500 Episodes of Root Causes! 20:46

6M ago20:46

20:46

Wow. It's episode 500 of Root Causes. Jason and Tim talk about how the podcast has evolved in the past six years, how it remains consistent, and the updates we're making to keep being a valuable resource for our listeners.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 499: Don't Blame Signal 8:37

6M ago8:37

8:37

The recent Signal controversy highlights the importance of understanding what protections an E2EE messaging app provides, and what it does not.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko

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Root Causes 498: UK NCSC PQC Guidance 15:31

6M ago15:31

15:31

The UK National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) has released new PQC guidance. We take exception to the dates it gives and explain why.By Tim Callan and Jason Soroko