Best Dr. Chapa’s ObGyn Pearls Podcasts (2025)

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IUD, Cytology, and Actinomyces: Management. 24:48

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2h ago24:48

24:48

Actinomyces species are considered part of the normal vaginal and urogenital tract flora. The percentage of Pap smears containing Actinomyces-like organisms varies but is most commonly reported as approximately 7% among women using IUDs. That number is supported by multiple sources, including the Infectious Diseases Society of America guideline and…

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LDA for Unexplained Recurrent SABs? 17:13

1h ago17:13

17:13

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) affects approximately 5% of couples and is an emotional burden on those affected. There is some evidence that vaginal progesterone supplementation may be considered in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss who are experiencing vaginal bleeding during the first trimester. But what about prophylactic low dose aspirin i…

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Change Gloves After Placenta at CS? Yes, and No. 27:48

5d ago27:48

27:48

Having data is sometimes different than having clinically applicable data. This is exactly the issue with the proposed plan to reduce surgical site infection (SSI) by changing surgical gloves after placental delivery at C-Section. Just 24 hours ago, we received the question from a PGY4 OBGYN resident asking whether the practice of changing surgical…

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Refresher of Genetic MD 24:45

1h ago24:45

24:45

Muscular dystrophy (MD) is a group of genetic diseases that affect about 16 to 25 per 100,000 people in the US, with the most common childhood form being Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and the most common adult form being myotonic dystrophy. The prevalence of DMD is estimated at around 1 in 3,500 live male births. Prenatal carrier screening for …

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Use GA at CS Electively? Maybe, Maybe. 35:42

2d ago35:42

35:42

Regional anesthesia, typically with a spinal or epidural, haslong been favored for cesarean births due in part to concerns about the effects that general anesthesia (GA) may have on newborns at delivery. However, data has shown that up to 1 in 6 women may experience pain with a “topped-off”labor epidural, during the cesarean. A new publication in t…

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Lido Patches After CS? Maybe. 19:38

3d ago19:38

19:38

The US has no shortage of lidocaine patch television commercials. Topical lidocaine has a role for local, topical, minor aches and pains. What about lidocaine patches for post-op cesarean section pain? Is there data for that? A brand-new meta-analysis in AJOG-MFM (Nov 13, 2025) looks at this option. However, there has been 3 prior reviews on the sa…

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More Measles Material 30:46

9d ago30:46

30:46

Podcast Family, we have covered the subject of Measles previously on this show (links below). Those episodes were a preview of what has now been released ahead of print as a narrative review in the Green Journal! In this episode, we will summarize the KEY points of measles infection in pregnancy and re-state the “rule of 4” and the importance of th…

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Self-Hypnosis For Hot Flash Relief. 17:44

14d ago17:44

17:44

The term "hypnosis" was first described in 1843 byScottish surgeon James Braid, who published the book Neurypnology. He coined the term "hypnosis" from the Greek word for sleep to describe the trance-like state induced by focusing on a bright object. Self-hypnosis has nowbeen shown to aid in menopausal hot flash reduction! In this episode, we will …

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That's So Random! 31:46

10d ago31:46

31:46

Well, from time to time we cover RANDOM tidbits of information which cover RANDOM questions and/or RANDOM patient care issues that we encounter. In this episode we will cover one OB issue related to recurrent pregnancy loss, one GYN issue related to unilateral breast swelling in a patient with SLE, and one RANDOM life perspective response from a mo…

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HISTORY MADE: New HRT News TODAY (11/10/25) 14:48

11d ago14:48

14:48

On August 15, 2025, we reviewed the data from an FDA expert panel calling on the FDA to remove the exiting Black Box warning on commercial HRT options for menopausal care. In a historic decision, this happened today. Listen in for details! 1. https://www.cbsnews.com/video/fda-chief-explains-changes-to-black-box-warnings-on-some-hormone-therapies-fo…

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A BMI-Based Labor Curve? 24:13

12d ago24:13

24:13

The ACOG acknowledges that maternal obesity affects labor curves and recommends allowing more time for cervical dilation before diagnosing labor arrest in obese patients. This approach aims to avoid unnecessary interventions, such as premature cesarean delivery, which may occur if standard labor curves are strictly applied to obese women. In this e…

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Use Antibiotics at 2nd Degree OB Lac Repair? 28:22

16d ago28:22

28:22

Do you routinely order prophylactic antibiotics at time ofsecond-degree laceration repair? Is there data for that? While the use of prophylacticantibiotics “is reasonable” (per ACOG PB 198) for OASIS lacerations, what doesthe data look like for second degree lacs? Well, the answer is both supportiveAND non-supportive of that practice! In this episo…

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“New” PCOS Info: 4 Types (AGAIN) 30:38

24d ago30:38

30:38

On March 29, 2023, we released an episode titled, “The 4 PCOS Phenotypes”. That was in 2023! Now, on 29 October 2025, in the journal Nature Medicine, researchers have published, “Data-driven (FOUR) subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with clinical outcomes”. PCOS is not ONE condition: is a constellation of metabolic, endocri…

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Folic Acid Update: Women on Epilepsy Meds Do NOT Need More 29:02

26d ago29:02

29:02

Taking folic acid prior to conception and during pregnancy can help protect the unborn baby from developing abnormalities. Supplements are particularly important for women who have epilepsy, as anti-seizure medication (previously known as anti-convulsants or anti-epileptic drugs) can lead to a deficiency in folic acid. Until 2023, high doses of 4-5…

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Whole Blood for PPH! 21:24

25d ago21:24

21:24

Back on August 9, 2024, we released an episode (link in the show notes) reviewing the renewed interest in transfusing whole blood for PPH rather than component therapy. Now, in O&G open, authors from my Alma Mater (UT Southwestern) have published new data bolstering the use of whole blood for PPH. Listen in for details. 1. Clinical Pearls Episode 2…

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New Med For Hot Flashes 21:57

1M ago21:57

21:57

Elinzanetant, sold under the brand name Lynkuet, receivedapproval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on October 24, 2025, for the treatment of moderate to severe hot flashes due to menopause. How is this different than Fezolinetant, which was approved in 2023? Listen in for details. 1. Menegaz de Almeida, Artur MS; Oliveira, Paloma MS…

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Vaginal Vit C For BV? AGAIN! 21:28

26d ago21:28

21:28

On January 18, 2020, we released an episode called “Vaginal Vit C for BV? Yep, it’s DATA”. That was 5 years ago! Now, in the Green Journal, a new systematic review and meta-analysis is examining this subject….AGAIN. Plus, this is not the only systematic review to investigate this; a similar review was published in Acta Obstétrica e Ginecológica Por…

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AFLP vs Preeclampsia with Severe/HELLP 30:28

1M ago30:28

30:28

Here is a real-world clinical case with a tricky differential: Our team recently readmitted a patient 6 days postpartum/post C-section (which was done for ICP and fetal macrosomia at close to 4500 grams, with A2GDM). She had elevated blood pressures, a frontal headache, some midepigastric pain/RUQ discomfort. Pretty clear picture right: sounds like…

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Does IV Pitocin Increase Abruption Risk? 16:01

1M ago16:01

16:01

I was recently asked to OPINE on the labor management for a patient who was receiving IV Pitocin for augmentation, who experienced a placental abruption. One physician stated that in "his opinion", Pitocin increased the risk of placental abruption intrapartum, a point which the original treating physician refuted. So, I was asked to be the "referee…

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Does Oral PCN Affect OB GBS Culture Result? 29:27

1M ago29:27

29:27

Current guidelines recommend universal collection of a vaginal-rectal swab for GBS colonization at 36-37 weeks and 6 days for the identification of patients who require intrapartum IV antibiotic coverage to prevent early onset neonatal GBS infection/sepsis. Recently, we had a patient in clinic whose GBS culture at 36 weeks was negative. Good right?…

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New CPU: Male RX for BV (10/16/25) 26:31

1M ago26:31

26:31

On March 7, 2025, we released an episode summarizing key aspects of a NEJM publication regarding male partner therapy for women with recurrent BV. Although that study had limitations, the results were very surprising. Now, on 10/16/25 (7 months later), the ACOG has a new Clinical Practice Update (CPU) on this very issue. In this episode we will bri…

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Perform PFMT Antepartum? 33:04

2M ago33:04

33:04

Podcast family, as we have said on many previous occasions, we get episode suggestions from either real-world patient encounters, from things that are hot in press, and/or from podcasts family member suggestions. Recently, one of our podcast family members asked me about the utility ofperforming pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT) antepartum. Is thi…

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Extended Release Nifedipine Intrapartum For Severe HTN 28:49

2M ago28:49

28:49

In the 09/1/2018 Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology’s (SASGOG’s) Pearls of Exxcellence publication, “Management of Preeclampsia at Term”, it states: “If hypertension management requires acute IV treatment, it is often prudent to initiate oral labetalol or EXTENDED-release nifedipine to maintain blood pressures bel…

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Fetal Gastroschisis 27:27

1M ago27:27

27:27

Fetal gastroschisis is a congenital defect of the abdominal wall, typically located to the right of a normally inserted umbilical cord, through which the fetal intestines and sometimes other abdominal organs herniate directly into the amniotic cavity. This condition is usually isolated, not associated with other major anomalies, and is reliably dia…

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“New” CPU on Zuranolone? “NOTHING” . 22:32

2M ago22:32

22:32

On October 9, 2025, the ACOG released a clinical practice update (CPU) regarding Zouranolone and brexanolone. As postpartum depression is an area of continued research and need for therapeutics, any new clinical practice update on the subject is welcome. So what's new in this update?! Well…the answer will surprise you. Listen in for details on the …

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What Did You say?! 24:20

2M ago24:20

24:20

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SCIENCE CHANGES: New Data on HPV Vaccination Peri-Leep/Cone 30:34

2M ago30:34

30:34

In July 2023, the ACOG released a Practice Advisory stating, “Based on data on the benefit of adjunct HPV vaccination, ACOG recommends adherence to the current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations for vaccinations of individuals aged 9–26 years, and to consider adjuvant HPV vaccination for immunocompetent previously unva…

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AUDIO?!! FIXED! 1:43

2M ago1:43

1:43

FYI

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Elevated msAFP but Normal Fetal Anatomy: What Now? 26:42

2M ago26:42

26:42

A breakthrough discovery in the 1970s was the determination of alpha-fetoprotein levels in the serum of pregnant women to detect fetuses with neural tube defects. In the case of high AFP values in maternal serum, amniocentesis was performed to determine the levels of AFP and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the amniotic fluid to confirm the diagnosis…

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Fetal Dextrogastria 18:09

2M ago18:09

18:09

The only structure of fetal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) which is seen on routine second trimester anomaly scan is the fetal stomach. Under normal conditions, the fetal stomach "bubble" is seen on the left side of the fetal abdomen. This is a normal finding on an ultrasound and indicates the stomach's normal position. There are two functions of the…

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Surprising C-Section Data 22:17

2M ago22:17

22:17

Did you know that C-Section birth is referenced in Shakespeare’s Macbeth? Cesarean Section is the most common laparotomy in the world, and yest we are still learning surprising facts about it. This episode we will summarize 2publications which have recently been released. One is from the American Journal of Perinatology (September 2025 ) and the ot…

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Bell’s Palsy in Pregnancy 29:40

2M ago29:40

29:40

Just today in clinic, we had a patient, who was well into her third trimester, come to her regular scheduled appointment with new onset left-sided facial droop. Yeah, that’s concerning! A complete history and physical was performed and the diagnosis was made of Bell’s palsy. This is not a rare event and it can be extremely stressful for the affecte…

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“CPR” For Decreased Fetal Movement? The CEPRA Trial 36:00

2M ago36:00

36:00

Maternal perception of decreased fetal movement at term occurs in up to 15% of pregnancies and is a cause for maternal and provider concern. All maternal concerns of decreased fetal movement require an assessment of fetal wellbeing. But what about the patient with recurrent episodes of reduced fetal movements at term? Routine induction of labor is …

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New Intrapartum FHT Guidance: Oct 2025 CPG 10 32:10

2M ago32:10

32:10

In the 1960s, continuous electronic fetal monitoring was introduced as a way to better capture and document the fetal response to labor and uterine contraction pattern. Since then, it has become a fully integrated component of intrapartum care despite its limited ability to prevent neonatal long term neurological complications and fetal death. We h…

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OB? Get Your ZZZZs: Insomnia’s Effects on Pregnancy 27:24

2M ago27:24

27:24

In 2023, we released 2 episodes on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and adverse pregnancy. Now, on September 16, 2025, a new publication from JAMA Network Open adds more insights to disturbed sleep and adverse pregnancy outcomes. How does insomnia affect pregnancy? And is there any data on night shift work and its altered circadian rhythms on adverse …

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BNP and proBNP in PreE 26:28

2M ago26:28

26:28

Brain-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) levels originate from the cardiac cells in response to cardiac strain. This may come from a pulmonary embolus, an acute severe infection (sepsis), or cardiomyopathy. But what is the relationship between these 2 cardiac biomarkers and preeclampsia? Can preeclampsia with severe fe…

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Vag E2 in Women With CVA HX? 22:56

2M ago22:56

22:56

Stroke (CVA) is very common in women, who have a higher risk than men over their lifetime; one in five women between the ages of 55 and 75 will experience a stroke. Stroke is a significant concern for women's health, being the third leading cause of death and causing more deaths than breast cancer. While systematic estrogen containing menopausal HT…

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Does Vit B6 Reduce Mastalgia? New Meta-analysis 09/2025 21:43

2M ago21:43

21:43

Mastalgia is a common breast complaint in reproductive aged women. Mastalgia can be separated into three categories: 1) cyclical, 2) noncyclical, and 3) extramammary. Vitamin B6 is often cited as a homeopathic (non-prescription/pharmacological) remedy for simple mastalgia. Does the published data support its use? A newly published meta-analysis she…

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09.10.2025 1:08

2M ago1:08

1:08

We are delaying today's program, as stated in this message. We will resume our program as soon as possible. Remembering Charlie Kirk.

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Eric's Encounters: Suppl. to Our Prior Episode 8:51

3M ago8:51

8:51

We have a wonderful podacst community! Within 24 hours of our immediate past episode release, one close friend- and fellow OBGYN, Dr. Eric Colton (OB Hospitalist Group) reached out and shared valuable words of wisdom regarding a potentially deadly complication of the CS-scar defect...the CS scar ectopic pregnancy. Listen in for Dr. Colton's cameo a…

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Decidua or No Decidua at CS Closure: "New" Sept 2025 Data 19:46

3M ago19:46

19:46

On Sept 10, 2023, er released an episode titled, “CS Ut Closure: Decidua or No Decidua?”. We highlighted the importance of AVOIDING the decidua at hysterotomy closure at CS. Now, in Sept 2025, in Obstetrics and Gynecology (the Green Journal), there is a new systematic review and meta-analysis on this very topic. Does this new study CONFIRM or REFUT…

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Can SVD Occur After Pelvic Fracture? 26:37

3M ago26:37

26:37

According to the J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. (2024), the incidence of pelvic ring injuries is 34.3 per 100,000 with trauma being the most obvious causation. Women account for approximately 69.7% of these injuries, 23% of which occur in women of childbearing age. In this specific patient population, concern is raised about one's future repro…

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Add MORE Progestin for Progestin BTB? (New Data) 25:15

3M ago25:15

25:15

Traditionally, we have learned that any imbalance in the estrogen: progesterone relationship can trigger irregular uterine bleeding. That makes sense, right? During anovulation, prolonged unopposed estrogen can result in HMB. In such a case, we give progesterone as both a therapeutic as well as diagnostic intervention. On the contrary, with progest…

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Labor Cervical Exams: 2 hrs, 4 hrs, 8 hrs? 32:58

3M ago32:58

32:58

Routine vaginal examinations (VEs) are a standard component of intrapartum care, traditionally performed at regular intervals to monitor cervical dilation, effacement, and fetal station, which are indicators of labor progression. Yet, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists states that there is insufficient evidence to recommend a s…

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Treating Breast Ca During Pregnancy? (New Guidance) 28:58

3M ago28:58

28:58

Breast cancer is an hormone responsive malignancy, meaning it may use estrogen and progesterone, reduced in high quantities during a pregnancy, for growth. However, as medical evidence evolves quickly, physicians have come to understand that breast cancer diagnosis during pregnancy doesn't always mean worse prognoses. While older studies- including…

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You Asked, We Answered! (YES, Another One) 30:51

3M ago30:51

30:51

YEP…Its another episode of You Asked, We Answered! In this episode, we will look at the data to answer 2 questions that came into the show within the last 24 hrs: 1. Is oral or topical therapy best for first treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis? (We have new data- AJOG, Sept 2025, to answer that), and 2. Is urine PCR testing for UTI …

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T for Her: Who, What, & How 31:13

3M ago31:13

31:13

In the last 2 episodes we covered new updates in menopausal hormone therapy. However, we did not address TESTOSTERONE use. This episode idea comes from one our podcast family members and good friend, Eric. Eric is 100% correct: Testosterone replacement, when done correctly, has come along way. When is this indicated? Is this endorsed by professiona…

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MHT Micronized progesterone vs MPA & the Breast 20:04

3M ago20:04

20:04

This is a requested follow up to our most recent episode. Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) prescribing practices have evolved over the last few decades guided by the changing understanding of the treatment’s risks and benefits. We know that dose, route of administration, and choice of agent (estradiol versus a more synthetic option, and micronized p…

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HRT "Black Box" Warning: Time To Go 30:38

4M ago30:38

30:38

There’s a lot of fear and misinformation around HRT, and one of the biggest myths is that HT is a highly significant cause of breast cancer. That is not the case. This is a remnant concept from 2002, with MANY caveats. Calls for the removal of the black box warning on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) stems primarily from the outdated and limited n…

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Two Forgotten STIs: July 2025 AJOG Review 29:16

4M ago29:16

29:16

Well, I hate to say it, but I'm going to say it: "I Told You So". Back in 2019, we released an episode called "Mycoplasma genitalium: An Overlooked STI". Then, in Sept 2023, we released an episode called, "The Neglected STI", referring to trichomoniasis. Well, on July 22, 2025, a new commentary was released in the AJOG which is making the case why …